Sukhoi Superjet 100

 Sukhoi Superjet100

Role	Regional jet airliner
National Origin	Russia
First Flight	Marc 2, 1969
Manufacturer	Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association
Designer	Sukhoi Civil Aircraft
First Flight	May 19, 2008
Introduction	April 21, 2011 with Armavia
Primary users	Aeroflot, Armavia
Number Bulit	14
Program Cost	US$1.4 billion
Unit Cost	$35 million

The Sukhoi Superjet 100 is a modern, fly-by-wire regional jet in the 75- to 95-seat category. With development starting in 2000, the airliner was designed by the civil aircraft division of the Russian aerospace company Sukhoi in co-operation with its main partner Boeing. Its maiden flight was conducted on 19 May 2008. On 21 April 2011, the Superjet 100 undertook its first commercial passenger flight, on the Armavia route from Yerevan to Moscow.

Designed to compete internationally with its An-148, Embraer and Bombardier counterparts, the Superjet 100 claims substantially lower operating costs, at a lower purchase price of $35 million.

The final assembly of the Superjet 100 is done by Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association. Its SaM-146 engines are designed and produced by the French-Russian PowerJet joint venture and the aircraft is marketed internationally by the Italian-Russian SuperJet International joint venture.

Development of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 began in 2000. On 19 December 2002, Sukhoi Civil Aircraft and Boeing signed a medium-term Cooperation Agreement to work together on the design. Boeing consultants had already been advising Sukhoi on marketing, design, certification, manufacturing, program management and aftersales support for a year. On 10 October 2003, the technical board of the project selected the suppliers of major subsystems. The project officially passed its third stage of development on 12 March 2004, meaning that Sukhoi could now start selling the Superjet 100 to customers.s On 13 November 2004, the Superjet 100 passed the fourth stage of development, implying that the Superjet 100 was now ready for commencing of prototype production. In August 2005, a contract between the Russian government and Sukhoi was signed. Under the agreement, the Superjet 100 project would receive 7.9 billion rubles of research and development financing under the Federal Program titled Development of Civil Aviation in Russia in 2005–2009.

Concorde

Concorde

Role	Supersonic airliner
Manufacturer	BAC (now BAE System), Sud-Aviation, Aérospatiale (now EADS)
First Flight	Marc 2, 1969
Introduction	January 21, 1976
Retired	November 26, 2003
Status	Retired from service
Number built	20
Primary users	British Airways, Air France
Program Cost	£1.3 billion
Unit Cost	£23 million (1977)

Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde is a retired turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner, a supersonic transport (SST). It was a product of an Anglo-French government treaty, combining the manufacturing efforts of Aérospatiale and the British Aircraft Corporation. First flown in 1969, Concorde entered service in 1976 and continued commercial flights for 27 years.

Among other destinations, Concorde flew regular transatlantic flights from London Heathrow (British Airways) and Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport (Air France) to New York JFK and Washington Dulles, profitably flying these routes at record speeds, in less than half the time of other airliners.

With only 20 aircraft built, their development represented a substantial economic loss, in addition to which Air France and British Airways (BA) were subsidised by their governments to buy them. As a result of the type’s only crash on 25 July 2000 and other factors, its retirement flight was on 26 November 2003.

Concorde's name reflects the development agreement between the United Kingdom and France. In the UK, any or all of the type—unusual for an aircraft—are known simply as "Concorde", without an article. The aircraft is regarded by many people as an aviation icon and an engineering marvel.

Bombardier Dash 8 or Qseries

Bombardier Q400 

Role	Narrow-body, turboprop airliner
National origin	Canada
Manufacturer	Bombardier Aerospace & de Havilland Canada
First Flight	June 20, 1983
Introduction	1984 with NorOntair
Primary users	Air Canada Jazz, United Express, Flybe, Horizon Air
Produced	1983-present
Number built	1,054 as of 2011
Unit Cost	Q200: US$13 million Q300: US$17 million Q400: US$27 million

The Bombardier Dash 8 or Q-Series, previously known as the de Havilland Canada Dash 8 or DHC-8, is a series of twin-engined, medium range, turboprop airliners. Introduced by de Havilland Canada (DHC) in 1984, they are now produced by Bombardier Aerospace. Over 1,000 Dash 8s of all models have been built, with Bombardier forecasting a total production run of 1,192 aircraft of all variants through to 2016.

The Dash 8 was developed from the de Havilland Canada Dash 7, which featured extreme short take-off and landing (STOL) performance. With the Dash 8, DHC focused on improving cruise performance and lowering operational costs. The engine chosen was the Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100. The aircraft has been delivered in four series. The Series 100 has a maximum capacity of 39, the Series 200 has the same capacity but offers more powerful engines, the Series 300 is a stretched, 50-seat version, and the Series 400 is further stretched to 78 passengers. Models delivered after 1997 have cabin noise suppression and are designated with the prefix, "Q". Production of the Series 100 ceased in 2005, and the Q200 and Q300 in 2009. Bombardier is considering launching a stretched version of the Q400.

Variants 

• Series 100

DHC-8-100 series

Original 37–39 passenger version that entered service in 1984. The original engine was the PW120A (CAA validated on December 13, 1985); later units used the PW121 (CAA validated on February 22, 1990). Rated engine power is 1,800 shp (1,340 kW).

DHC-8-101

1984 variant powered by either two PW120 or PW120A engines and a 33,000 lb (15,000 kg) takeoff weight.

DHC-8-102

1986 variant powered by either two PW120A or PW121 engines and a 34,500 lb (15,650 kg) takeoff weight.

DHC-8-103

1987 variant powered by two PW121 engines and a 34,500 lb (15,650 kg) takeoff weight (can be modified for a 35,200 lb [15,950 kg] take-off weight)

DHC-8-102A

1990 variant powered by two PW120A engines with revised Heath Tecna interior.

DHC-8-106

1992 variant powered by two PW121 engines and a 36,300 lb (16,450 kg) takeoff weight.

DHC-8M-100

Two aircraft for Maritime Pollution Surveillance, operated by Transport Canada, equipped with the MSS 6000 Surveillance system.

CC-142

Military transport version for the Canadian Forces in Europe.

CT-142

Military navigation training version for the Canadian Forces.

E-9A

A United States Air Force range control aircraft equipped with AN/APS-143(V)-1 radar that operates out of Tyndall AFB, Florida to ensure that the overwater military ranges in the Gulf of Mexico are clear of civilian boats and aircraft during live fire tests of air-launched missiles and other hazardous military activities. Two aircraft are assigned to the 82d Aerial Targets Squadron for the support of training missions.

• Series 200

DHC-8-200 Series

Series 100 airframe with more powerful Pratt & Whitney Canada PW123 engines (rated at 2,150 shp or 1,600 kW) for improved performance also capable of carrying 37 to 39 passengers.

DHC-8-201

1995 variant powered by two PW123C engines.

DHC-8-202

1995 variant powered by two PW123D engines.

Q200

Version of the DHC-8-200 with the ANVS system.

• Series 300

DHC-8-300 Series

Stretched 3.43 metres (11.3 ft) over the Series 100/200, a 50–56 passenger version that entered service in 1989. The Q300 is powered by the Pratt & Whitney PW123 or PW123B or PW123E, rated at 2,380-2,500 shp or 1,774-1,864 kW.

DHC-8-301

1989 variant powered by two PW123 engines

DHC-8-311

1990 variant powered by two PW123A engines with revised Heath Tecna interior.

DHC-8-314

1992 variant powered by two PW123B engines

DHC-8-315

1995 variant powered by two PW123E engines

DHC-8-300A

Version of the DHC-8-300 with increased payload.

Q300

Version of the DHC-8-300 with the ANVS system.

DHC-8-300 MSA

Upgraded variant with L3 for maritime surveillance platform.

• Series 400

Q400

Stretched and improved 70–78 passenger version that entered service in 2000. Its 360 knot (667 km/h) cruise speed is 60-90 knots (111-166 km/h) higher than its competitors/predecessors. Powered by PW150A engines rated at 5,071 shp (3,781 kW) at maximum power (4,850 shp or 3,620 kW maximum continuous rated). The maximum operating altitude is 25,000 ft (7,600 m) for the standard version, although a version with drop-down oxygen masks is offered, which increases maximum operating altitude to 27,000 ft (8,200 m). All Q400s include the ANVS system.

Q400NextGen

Version of the Q400 with updated cabins, lighting, windows, overhead bins, landing gear, as well as reduced fuel and maintenance costs.

Q400-MR

2 Q400 adapted to the water bombing role by Cascade Aerospace for the French Sécurité Civile. The tanker mode can carry 2,600 US gallon of retardant, foam or water and travel at 340 knots.

DHC-8-400

1999 variant with a maximum of 68 passengers.

DHC-8-401

1999 variant with a maximum of 70 passengers.

DHC-8-402

1999 variant with a maximum of 78 passengers.

DHC-8-402PF

2008 converted pallet freighter variant with a payload of 9000 kg.

DHC-8 MPA-D8

2007 converted for use as a maritime patrol aircraft.

Bombardier CRJ100series (CRJ100, CRJ200, CRJ440, Challenger, CRJ500)

 Bombardier CRJ100 (Lufthansa)

Role	Narrow-body jet airliner, regional jet/business jet
National origin	Canada
Manufacturer	Bombardier Aerospace
First Flight	May 10, 1991
Introduction	1992 with Lufthansa
Status	Out of production, in service
Primary users	SkyWest Airlines, Pinnacle Airlines, Express Jet, Comair
Number built	1,021 as of 2010
Unit Cost	US$24-39.7 million (2006)
Variants	Bombarider CRJ700/900/1000

The Bombardier CRJ100 and CRJ200 are a family of regional airliner manufactured by Bombardier, and based on the Canadair Challenger business jet

CRJ100The CRJ100 was stretched 5.92 meters (19 feet 5 inches), with fuselage plugs fore and aft of the wing, two more emergency exit doors, plus a reinforced and modified wing. Typical seating was 50 passengers, the maximum load being 52 passengers. The CRJ100 featured a Collins ProLine 4 avionics suite, Collins weather radar, GE CF34-3A1 turbofans with 41.0 kN (4,180 kgp / 9,220 lbf), new wings with extended span, more fuel capacity, and improved landing gear to handle the higher weights. It was followed by the CRJ100 ER subvariant with 20% more range, and the CRJ100 LR subvariant with 40% more range than the standard CRJ100. The CRJ 100 SE sub-variant was produced to more closely meet the needs of corporate and executive operators.

CRJ200

The CRJ200 is identical to the 100 model except for more efficient engines.

Pinnacle Airlines had operated some with 44 seats, designated as CRJ440, with closets in the forward areas of the passenger cabin though these were converted to 50 seat airplanes. These modifications were designed to allow operations under their major airline contract "scope clause" which restricts major airlines' connection carriers from operating equipment carrying 50 or more passengers to guard against usurpation of Air Line Pilots Association and Allied Pilots Association pilots' union contract. Similarly, Comair's fleet of 40-seat CRJ200s were sold at a discounted price to discourage Comair from purchasing the less expensive and smaller Embraer 135.

There is also a CRJ200 freighter version which is designated CRJ200 PF (Package Freighter) which was developed in cooperation with Cascade Aerospace on the request of West Air Sweden.

Variants

Several models of the CRJ have been produced, ranging in capacity from 40 to 50 passengers. The Regional Jet designations are marketing names and the official designation is CL-600-2B19.

CRJ100 
The CRJ100 is the original 50-seat version. It is equipped with General Electric CF34-3A1 engines. Operators include Jazz Aviation,Comair and more.
CRJ200 
The CRJ200 is identical to the CRJ100 except for its engines, which were upgraded to the CF34-3B1 model, offering improved efficiency.
CRJ440 
Certified up to 44-seat, this version was designed with fewer seats in order to meet the needs of some major United States airlines.
Challenger 800/850
A business jet variant of the CRJ200
CRJ500 
Proposed 50-seat version with wing and cabin improvements based on the CRJ700/900. Cancelled in 2001.

Bombardier CRJ700 series (CRJ700, CRJ900, CRJ1000)

 Bombardier CRJ700 (Air France)

Role	Narrow-body jet airliner
National origin	Canada
Manufacturer	Bombardier Aerospace
First Flight	May 27, 1999
Introduction	2001
Status	In production, in service
Primary users	SkyWest Airlines, Pluna, ExpressJet, Mesaba Airlines
Number built	602 as of October 2011
Unit Cost	US$24-39.7 million (2006)
Developed from	Bombardier CRJ200

The Bombardier CRJ700, CRJ900, and CRJ1000 are regional airliners based on the Bombardier CRJ200. Final assembly of the aircraft is at Montréal-Mirabel International Airport in Mirabel, Quebec, outside Montreal, Canada.

CRJ700

Design work on the CRJ700 by Bombardier started in 1995 and the programme was officially launched in January 1997. The CRJ700 is a stretched 70-seat derivative of the CRJ200. Seating ranges from 66 to 78 for the CRJ700 versions, however. The CRJ700 features a new wing with leading edge slats and a stretched and slightly widened fuselage, with a lowered floor.

The aircraft is equipped with two General Electric CF34-8C1 engines. Maximum speed is Mach 0.85 (556 mi/hr, 895 km/hr) at a maximum altitude of 41,000 feet (12,500 m). Depending upon payload, the CRJ700 can travel up to 2,250 miles (3,620 km) with current engines, and a new variant with CF34-8C5 engines will be able to travel up to 2,895 miles (4,660 km).

The CRJ700 comes in three versions: Series 700, Series 701, and Series 702. The 700 is limited to 68 passengers, the 701 to 70 passengers, and the 702 to 78 passengers. The CRJ700 also has three fuel/weight options: standard, ER, and LR. The ER version has an increase in fuel capacity as well as maximum weight, which in turn increases the range. The LR increases those values further. The executive version is marketed as the Challenger 870.

Its first flight took place on May 27, 1999. The aircraft's FAA Type Certificate designation is the CL-600-2C10. The CRJ700 first entered commercial service with Brit Air in 2001.

The CRJ700 directly competes with the Embraer 170, which typically seats 70 passengers.

In 2008, the CRJ700 was replaced with the CRJ700 NextGen, featuring improved economics and a revised cabin common to the CRJ900 NextGen and CRJ1000 NextGen. In January 2011 SkyWest Airlines ordered four CRJ700 NextGen aircraft.

CRJ900

The CRJ900 is a stretched 76-90 seat version of the CRJ700. The aircraft features two GE CF34-8C5 engines, 13,360 lbf (59.4 kN) thrust with APR, and added leading edge slats. Max GTOW is 84,500 pounds. The airplane is loosely based on the CRJ200 series with a few major improvements. The environmental packs have a target temperature instead of a hot-cold knob. The cabin has a recirculation fan which aids in cooling and heating. The engines are controlled by FADEC digital engine control instead of control cables and a fuel control unit. The cabin floor has been lowered 2 inches which gains outward visibility from the windows in the cabin as the windows become closer to eye level height. The APU is a Honeywell RE220 unit which supplies much more air to the AC packs and has higher limits for starting and altitude usage. The wingspan is longer, the tail is redesigned with more span and anhedral. In typical service the CRJ900 can cruise 8-10,000 ft higher with a slightly higher fuel burn and an average true airspeed of 450-500 knots, a significant improvement over its predecessor. The FAA Type Certificate designation of the CRJ900 is the CL-600-2D24.

CRJ1000

On 19 February 2007, Bombardier launched the development of the CRJ1000, previously designated CRJ900X, as a stretched CRJ900, with up to 100 seats. Bombardier claims that it offers better performance and a higher profit per seat than the competing Embraer E-190.Brit Air and Air Nostrum are the launch customers for the CRJ1000. MyAir had ordered 15 CRJ900Xs that were converted to the CRJ1000, but the airline went bankrupt on 24 July 2009. Atlasjet also indicated interest in the new type.

The CRJ1000 successfully completed its first flight in 2008. Bombardier, however, stated that the introduction into service had been delayed until the first quarter of 2010. On 14 June 2009 Bombardier announced a new firm order for 15 CRJ1000 NextGen aircraft placed by Air Nostrum, for a total of 35 CRJ1000 NextGen aircraft. There are 49 firm orders and 4 options for the variant as of August 2009.

The variant completed its first production flight on 28 July 2009 in Montreal; the entry into service was planned then for the first quarter of 2010. A month after the first flight, however, a fault in the rudder controls forced the flight-test program to be grounded. The program was not resumed until February 2010, and deliveries were projected to begin by January 2011.

Bombardier Aerospace announced on 10 November 2010 that its 100-seat CRJ1000 was awarded Aircraft Type Certificates fromTransport Canada and European Aviation Safety Agency, clearing the way for deliveries to begin. On 14 December 2010, Bombardier began CRJ1000 deliveries to Brit Air and Air Nostrum. On 23 December 2010 it was announced that the Federal Aviation Administration had also awarded a type certificate, allowing the CRJ1000 to operate in US airspace. The FAA Type Certificate designation of the CRJ1000 is the CL-600-2E25. In February 2012, Garuda Indonesia airline ordered six CRJ1000s and took options for another 18, and Danish lessor Nordic Aviation Capital ordered 12 for Garuda to operate with delivery beginning in 2012.

Bombardier Cseries

Bombardier Cseries

Role	Narrow-body jet airliner
National origin	Canada
Manufacturer	Bombardier Aerospace
First Flight	Slated for December 2012
Introduction	Slated for the end of 2013 (CS100)
Status	In development
Unit Cost	CS100: US$58.28 million CS300: US$66.57 million

The Bombardier CSeries is a family of narrow-body, twin-engine, medium-range jet airliners being developed by Canadian manufacturer Bombardier Aerospace. Models are the 110-seat CS100, and the 130-seat CS300. These were initially named C110 and C130, respectively.

The first flight was initially planned for the second half of 2012. In March 2012 Bombardier declared that the first flight is slated for December 2012. In February 2012, first delivery remains scheduled for the end of 2013.